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| darurat [2026/01/22 07:09] – [1951-02-19: Pernyataan Penafian oleh R.A.F.] sazli | darurat [2026/01/26 12:34] (kini) – [Dirujuk oleh] sazli | ||
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| ===== Dirujuk oleh ===== | ===== Dirujuk oleh ===== | ||
| - | * [[jenderam_hulu|Kampung Jenderam Hulu (1870-an)]] | ||
| * [[hulu_1940-an|Kampung Jenderam Hulu: 1940-an]] | * [[hulu_1940-an|Kampung Jenderam Hulu: 1940-an]] | ||
| Line 22: | Line 21: | ||
| Arkib Negara 1957/ | Arkib Negara 1957/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 1950-05-10: Serbuan Kem Komunis ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | //" | ||
| ===== 1950-08-01: Petisyen Bantuan Tanggungan Tahanan ===== | ===== 1950-08-01: Petisyen Bantuan Tanggungan Tahanan ===== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 30: | ||
| (Arkib Negara 1957/ | (Arkib Negara 1957/ | ||
| - | + | **BERSAMBUNG: [[hulu_pemusnahan|Kampung Jenderam | |
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-02-21: Perbandingan dengan Tragedi Lidice ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"The town of Jenderam may become as notorious as Guernica or Lidice, the Manchester Guardian worries | + | |
| - | today. In an editorial entitled 'The Strong Arm?' The Guardian comments: 'There are some rather startling reports of vigorous action by the Army and the Police in Malaya. "The smalll town named Jenderam in Selangor had become the headquarters of a Malay Communist leader and of his deputies. From it came a stream of Communist propaganda. 'A Malay school master had been murdered and this had for some time been hushed up. It seems clear that part of the inhabitants either sympathise with Communists or have been terrorised into collusion. | + | |
| - | But retribution has been extraordinarily radical. Jenderam seemed simply blotted out. Nobody, it is true has been killed but Troops and Police arrived at dawn one day last week and carried off the entire population of 1,500 to settlements hundred of miles away. "What these people could not carry in trucks sent for them - their livestock for example - will be auctioned. Houses for a radius of 12 miles will be destroyed. "This undoubtedly shows Government means business but what kind of business? Jenderam was provocative. But to blot out a town is a new line in British administration. ' | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"It was nonsense to compare the evacuation of Jenderam in Selangor with the razing of the Czech town of Lidice by the Germans in 1942, said the Director of Information, | + | |
| - | people from Jenderam and their resettlement in an area where they will no longer be under the daily menace of | + | |
| - | bandit terrorist' | + | |
| - | done in Selangor." | + | |
| - | Government by responsible Malays in Selangor to deal with what they considered "an absolute cancer." | + | |
| - | settled. The other class, Malays and Chinese, who formed most of those removed from Jenderam, had condemned themselves and shown that they were unworthy xitizens of this country, said the spokesman. "This class merits deportation and those who cannot be dealt with should detained during the emergency.' | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-02-23: Pelarian Warga Kampung | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | People' | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | According to the Malay newspaper Majlis, the voluntary evacuation ot Kampong Bukit Raya is because the people fear similar action may be taken against them. The paper said the kampong is considered a "hot spot." A school teacher in the village is reported to have said that about 40 pupils have left school and moved with their parents. Today the Majlis editorial commenting on the Manchester Guardian criticism of the Jenderam evacuation which describes last week's action as "a new line in British administration," | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | (Sumber: The Straits Times, 23 February 1951, Page 8: [[https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-03-01: Artikel Editorial Singapore Standard ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | not soften the heart of the authorities." | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | For the authorities, | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | Militarily, therefore, Jenderam had to be wiped out. The authorities had to remove an obstacle from the path to victory. Once we accept the premise that military necessity should be the overriding consideration then there can be no argument about Jenderam. The grim logic of military necessity must lead to Jenderam and other Jenderams before this war is over. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | The end justifies the means. And having made this profound confession we can turn over and get a good night' | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | Once we do this, however, the end becomes meaningless. We begin to uphold the very evils against which we have taken up arms. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | In Jenderam we have undoubtedly acted against principles which are cardinal to the democratic way of life. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | For the moral assumption behind Jenderam is that it is right to punish the innocent as well as the guilty. This is a long way from the proud and, until now, legitimate boast that our law would rather that 10 guilty men should go free than one innocent man should suffer. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | Jenderam is merely the logical outcome of the objectionable principle of collective punishment which we have accepted today. There may be people who may not be in a mood to attempt to resolve this contradiction between our traditional conceptions of justice and military necessity. Collective punishment, they will say, is not a fit subject for moral discourse at the present time. Such a discussion will only serve to confuse the issue and play into the hands ot the Communists. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | But if it is to " | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | We don't say that is at all easy to reconcile military necessity with our sense of justice. Sometimes it may be necessary to sacrifice justice to meet desperate situation. But that must be done only when it is genuinely impossible to do otherwise. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | Colletive punishment which even Sir Henry Gurney admitted as involving "the objectionable principle of punishment of the innocent" | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | It is, of course, silly to compare Jenderam to Lidice and Guernica. The villagers of Jenderam have not been subjected to physical violence. But what we did kill in Jenderam was our sense of justice. It is reported that villagers living near to Jenderam are leaving their homes to seek shelter in neighbouring towns. There may be guilty ones among them but there are also innocent people who are fleeing because they have begun to fear us. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | We have waxed indignant whenever the Fascists and the Communists have applied the principle of collective punishment, the punishment of the innocent, in areas which are hostile to them. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | But now that we are upholding the same principle can we, without being hypocritical, | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | We point to Jenderam as a warning that unless we are careful we may finish this war believing that justice is what is convenient to us and that moral values are meaningless aphorisms for school children only. Let us not make the future safe for what the late George Orwell called " | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | (Sumber: Singapore Standard, 1 March 1951, Page 6: [[https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-03-08: Penjelasan Pejabat Kolonial di Parlimen ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"Mr. Tom Cook, Colonial Under-Secretary, | + | |
| - | was that Jenderam had long been a hotbed of Communist activities. It had been a centre for providing supplies | + | |
| - | and recruits for terrorist bands operating in South Selangor. No Information what-ever had been forthcoming | + | |
| - | from the inhabitants. 'The people are being well cared for and will receive compensation for goods they were | + | |
| - | unable to take with them. Those who are eventually resettled will, of course, receive Government assistance in the normal course. "This operation was carried out only after careful consideration and is exceptional, | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-03-15: Bantuan Kebajikan UMNO ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"The UMNO Central Working Committee will send $1,000 cash, food and clothing to the Jenderam evacuees now in | + | |
| - | Kluang detention camp, UMNO headquarters announced yesterday. The Committee is appealing to UMNO members and the public to contribute to the " | + | |
| - | clothing for the evacuees."// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-04-10: Kes Kecurian Barangan Tahanan ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | Kajang when Thillyampalam, | + | |
| - | ducks and a basket full of household utensils."// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-04-19: Persoalan Tahanan Jenderam ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | Kampong Jenderam and the surrounding Kampongs, if any, were rounded up by the police, the reasons for the round-up, if all those rounded up are being detained in the Kluang camp. He will also ask how many have so far been screened; how many have been released, how many have been proved or suspected to have been engaged in Communist activity, what arrangements have been made to safeguard the properties of those rounded up, and finally, whether those released will be allowed to go back to Jenderam and the surrounding kampongs."// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-04-03: Pencerobohan ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"Two young Indians, M. Nathan and Sambutram, who were arrested at the deserted village of Jenderam on April 3 with two sacks full of padi, mats and bowls and two frying pans, were at Kajang charged with being unable to account satisfactorily tor the possession of the goods, which were suspected of having been fradulently obtained. The case was postponed to April 17."// (The Straits Times, 12 April 1951, Page 8: [[https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"Two young Indian labourers. M. Naitham and Samutram, were yesterday convicted for fraudulently having two | + | |
| - | sacks of padi, pieces of matting, bowls and frying pans, and also for being in a prohibited area - Jenderam. | + | |
| - | Naitham was sentenced to two months' | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-04-26: Pemerasan Terhadap Warga ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | amount to be paid every month. The Federal Legislative Council was told this today when the Secretary for Defence, Mr. D. C. Watherston, replied to Captain Hussein bin Onn on why the village in south Selangor was cleared. Before it was decided to make a whole sweep of Jenderam and clear the people away to a detention camp, more than 100 Malays had come to Kuala Lumpur, in small and large deputations on different dates, to plead | + | |
| - | with the C.P.O. Selangor to take action. Mr. Watherston said the whole of the Jenderam area, covering some 20 square miles, was now prohibited to the public, unless they obtained a permit trom the C.P.O. Those detainees from Jenderam who had been released could go to other selected areas in Selangor."// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | Kampongs in South Selangor had come to Kuala Lumpur in large and small parties on different dates to beg the Chief Police Officer to take action against Jenderam. These Malays said that they were being bled white by | + | |
| - | the Jenderam people. This was revealed in the Federal Legislative Council today by the Secretary for Defence, Mr. D. C, Watherston, answering oral questions by Capt. Hussein bin Onn. Mr Watherston said that of the 1,807 people who were rounded up 12 Chinese, 83 Malays and 103 Indians, totalling 198, were exempted by the High | + | |
| - | Commissioner from the operation of the order made under the Emergency Regulations and were released either immediately or within a few days. He recounted the reasons for the round-up in Jenderam which, he said, was the bandits' | + | |
| - | to $4,000 month, he said. All those rounded up in Jenderam, except those released, are being detained in the Kluang Detention Camp, because there is no place for them in any of the camps in Selangor. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | Of those sent to the Kluang Detention Camp, a total of 56, including 32 Malay children under 12 years, have been released up to April 21. All the inhabitants of the area were screened during the course of the round-up operations and since then more than 100 persons, all adult Malays or Indonesians, | + | |
| - | The process was continuing, Mr. Watherston stated. Evidence has emerged from the interrogations that of those detained, 81 Indonesians and Malays and 36 Chinese were definitely implicated with the bandits. This did not mean that it would be possible to charge all these people in court. The ultimate number against whom there was evidence of complicity with the bandits was likely to be very much higher, said Mr. Watherston. All livestock and perishable goods belonging to the people who were rounded up in Kampong Jenderam, have been sold and the amounts realised will be paid to the original owners of the property. Moveable property, such as furniture, bicycles and wireless sets which it was impracticable for the owners to take to the detention camp has been moved to Kajang where it has been stored. With regard to immovable property, there are several houses ? ? ? ? ? approximately 20 square miles. No person is allowed in the area without a written authority from the C.P.O. and such protection as is within the power of the security forces is being given, said Mr. Watherston. In general, | + | |
| - | any person released from detention will not be permitted to return to the Jenderam area at least for the present. 'It is the intention that they should be made subject to orders under the Emergency Regulations prohibiting them from residing within the south Selangor Police Circle," | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | (Sumber: Singapore Standard, 26 April 1951, Page 3: [[https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 1951-08-30: RETURN OF DETAINESS FROM JENTERAM, SELANGOR. 2.VISIT TO DETAINES BY INDONESIAN CONSUL - GENERAL. | + | |
| - | https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-02-28: Perdebatan di Akhbar UK ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"The debate on Jenderam continues in the columns of the Manchester Guardian with a letter this morning replying to Mr. Mellugh' | + | |
| - | carted off for over 100 miles; that their houses were destroyed and immovable goods sold. " | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 1951-02-28: 537. LESSON OF JENDERAM | + | |
| - | https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-04-06: 101 Warga Didapati Terlibat ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //"Of 1,725 Jenderam villagers detained when that whole south Selangor settlement was taken into custody, 101 | + | |
| - | have now been proved to have engaged in Communist activity. Seventy-two of them were Malays and 29 Chinese. A Selangor Government statement says that there is sufficient evidence to justify Court proceedings against four Malays. \\ | + | |
| - | \\ | + | |
| - | The day that 952 Malays, 670 Chinese, and 103 Indians were moved from the village, 62 were released when found | + | |
| - | to be visitors or families of constables or special constables. Since then people released have included Government servants, relatives of police, and non-residents of Jenderam. Relatives of the 101 people link- | + | |
| - | ed with Communist activities number 315 Malays and 145 Chinese. Only about half of the people detained have been dealt with. There still another remains 461 Malays and 484 Chinese to be classified. Of those taken to detention camp, 565 were children under 12 years of age, and 97 were more than 60 years old."// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | (Sumber: The Straits Times, 6 April 1951, Page 5: [[https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 1951-08-13: PROCEDURE FOR RELEASE OF JENDERAM DETAINEES | + | |
| - | https:// | + | |
| - | ( 19570304081d02.pdf ) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== 1951-11-08: Kampung-Kampung Sasaran ===== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | //" | + | |
| - | in Selangor, which was razed. In 1949, 16 places were punished involving almost 8,000 people. Early this year, the 1,500 people of Jenderam were punished. Tras is the 17th village to be moved."// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 1952-08-24: CLAIM FOR COMPENSATION FROM JENDRAM MALAY DETAINEES | + | |
| - | Description : THE UNAPPROVED CLAIM DATED 24TH AUGUST 1953 FROM HAJI TAHIR BIN HAMID WHO LOST HIS TITLES AND HIS HOUSEHOLD GOODS IN JENDRAM OPERATION WHERE HE WAS BROUGHT TO KAJANG WITH HIS CHILDREN IN THE OPERATION, DID NOT HAVE TIME TO TAKE HIS PROPERTY AND HOUSE CHATTELS AND THUS, ASKING FOR A CLAIM FOR COMPENSATION. | + | |
| - | https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 1952-09-30: PROPERTIES AND BELONGINGS OF THE JENDRAM MALAY DETAINEES | + | |
| - | Description : THE ENQUIRIES CONCERNING THE BELONGINGS OF JENDERAM MALAY DETAINEES AND THE PLAN OF STATE GOVERNMENT FOR THEM DURING THEIR COMING RESETTLEMENT IN 1952. | + | |
| - | https:// | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | 1953-01-26: LEAFLET NO 1549 - " TO PEOPLE OF BANTING , JENDERAM NEWS VILLAGE & SUNGEI BULOH " | + | |
| - | https:// | + | |
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