• Kampung Jenderam Hulu (1870-an)
• Kampung Jenderam Hulu: 1940-an
• Kampung Jenderam Hulu: Kepulangan dan Pembukaan Semula (1957-1959)

SAMBUNGAN DARI: Kampung Jenderam Hulu: 1940-an.

Kiri: “Kegiatan Komunis yang berleluasa di sekitar tahun 1948 banyak meninggalkan kesan kepada penduduk di Kampung Jenderam Hulu.” (Discovery Research Consultant Management Sdn Bhd, b/p Unit Perancang Ekonomi Negeri (UPEN) Selangor, 2007: Koleksi Cerita Asal Usul dan Sejarah Daerah Sepang, hlm.31).
Kanan: Peta sekitar Jenderam, 1950, kira-kira setahun sebelum peristiwa pemindahan dan pemusnahannya (Surveyor General, Malaya, 1950 @ Australian National University: |"Malaysia, Malaya, Selangor 1950, Land Use, South Sheet, 1950, 1:126 720").

“Darurat telah membawa berbagai-bagai peristiwa yang pahit ke atas sebilangan penduduk Tanah Melayu, termasuklah penduduk Kampung Jenderam. Dengan kuatkuasa undang-undang Darurat 1948, seluruh penduduk Kampung Jenderam telah dipindahkan ke khemah tahanan di Kluang, Johor. Kampung halaman mereka telah dimusnahkan, rumah-rumah mereka dibakar dan harta benda mereka dirampas serta dilelong. Peristiwa ini bukan sahaja telah menggemparkan penduduk Tanah Melayu tetapi juga menggegarkan Parlimen British. Kerajaan mengakui bahawa tindakan itu adalah kejam dan tidak berperikemanusiaan, tetapi terpaksa dijalankan kerana pada pendapat mereka penduduk Kampung Jenderam terbukti penyokong kuat Komunis. Oleh kerana itu mereka harus dipindahkan supaya pihak Komunis tidak mendapat bantuan.

Tetapi adakah sebenarnya penduduk Jenderam ini Komunis.? Ataupun mereka ini pejuang-pejuang kebangsaan yang hendak menuntut kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu! Jika ditinjau lebih dekat didapati bahawa penduduk Jenderam yang berasal dari Indonesia, mendapat pendidikan agama Islam di Indonesia dan mempunyai semangat revolusi Indonesia yang begitu bersemarak ketika itu. Mereka mempunyai fikiran dan pandangan yang progresif dan tujuan sebenar mereka adalah untuk memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu. Dengan berpegang kepada hakikat bahawa Tanah Melayu dan Indonesia itu satu, telah menyebabkan mereka bergiat dalam pergerakan Parri Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya (PKMM) yang memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Tanah Melayu bersama-sama dengan Indonesia.

Perjuangan penduduk Jenderam ini adalah perjuangan untuk mencapai hasrat dan cita-cita ke arah ini yang akibatnya telah mengorbankan kampung halaman, harta benda dan juga nyawa mereka. Bagi mereka, untuk mencapai cita-cita ini mereka sanggup bergabung dengan sesiapa sahaja walau dengan Komunis sekalipun. Pegangan mereka inilah yang telah menyebabkan Kerajaan British menuduh mereka Komunis dan mengambil tindakan yang drastik terhadap mereka. Tindakan secara pukul rata pihak British ini menyebabkan orang awam yang tidak bersalah juga dikategorikan sebagai komunis termasuklah golongan wanita dan kanak-kanak. Hanya generasi yang pernah mengalami peristiwa ini yang memahami dan merasai kepedihan dipaksa meninggalkan kampung halaman, sawah bendang, tanaman dan ternakan serta segala-gala yang pernah mereka miliki. Akibatnya agak tragis kerana sehingga kini apabila disebut Kampung Jenderam Hulu, masih ada tanggapan di kalangan sesetengah pihak bahawa kampung ini merupakan bekas kampung komunis dan penduduknya adalah warisan generasi ini.”

(Sumber: “Dipetik dan diubah suai daripada Mohd. Nor bin Mohd. Amin, 1977/1978, Jenderam Korban Dharurat 1948-1958, Kajian Ilmiah Jabatan Sejarah, Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur (tidak diterbitkan)”: Discovery Research Consultant Management Sdn Bhd, b/p Unit Perancang Ekonomi Negeri (UPEN) Selangor, 2007: Koleksi Cerita Asal Usul dan Sejarah Daerah Sepang, hlm.37-38).

(Arkib Negara 1957/0299458W, 01/08/1950: |"PETITION FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO DEPENDANTS OF DETAINEES OF KAMPONG SUNGEI JENDERAM, MUKIM OF KAJANG").

“A whole village in south Selangor was evacuated today in the biggest operation since the Emergency began. More than 1,500 Malays, Indonesians and Chinese were taken from their homes. The village - Jenderam - has been called the 'wasp's nest of banditry' and 'worse than Pusing.' Twelve square miles around the village were cleared. And when everything has been moved out, Jenderam will be destroyed. The operation began at dawn. More than 1,000 troops and three companies of police shepherded every person in the place to Kajang where they were put aboard special trains for a camp in Kluang, Johore. All that remained tonight were hundreds of shuttered houses and shops, straying cattle, poultry, dogs and cats - and an armed guard. When all the personal property is auctioned each owner will be paid the money his goods fetch. A complete inventory of everything a person possessed was taken.

These are THE CHARGES which the Government has made against Jenderam: Most of the Communist Malay members of the bandit independent platoon which operates on the borders of Selangor and Negri Sembilan came from this kampong. It was an important supply link and shelter for bandits. It was a meeting place where they could always obtain food, clothing and information. The Malay bandit leader Abdul Manan made it his headquarters and organised a network of informers and couriers. Arrested bandit agents in the village were quickly replaced. It was one of the main centres for issuing Malay Communist propaganda.

50 Incidents

There have been more than 50 bandit incidents in the village and many bandit camps have been found nearby. The Malay headmaster of the village school was murdered by Abdul Manan. No information was given to the police. So Government decided to strike. Everything was kept a top secret. One word out of place and many would have escaped. The amount of planning involved was great. Teams of social welfare workers from the supplies department, the P.W.D., the veterinary department and the civil authorities had to operate with the security forces. At dawn the inhabitants were wakened, told to pack what they could carry, each given a tag with their name on it to hang around their necks, and put into 50 Army lorries. The tags will help the identification of the owners of goods. Most inhabitants took their fate calmly. Only one family argued, but polite insistence that it was for their own good overcame the protest. The sick and old were moved from Jenderam in ambulances to Kajang, where the serious cases were placed in hospital. The operation went quicked than expected. At Kajang, in a railway goods siding they were fed, examined by a doctor and then taken to a waiting train.”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 16 February 1951, Page 1: |"BANDIT 'NEST IS WIPED OUT").

Kiri: “Jenderam villagers being given food and drink by welfare workers before being taken away yesterday under Emergency Regulations. - Dept. of Information picture.” (The Straits Times, 16 February 1951, Page 1: |"Food & Drink For Villagers").
Kanan: “Foto lama ini yang bertarikh 15 januari 1951 saat pemindahan beramai - ramai penduduk kampung Jenderam seramai 1,580 (diberi masa 2 jam sahaja untuk berkemas) yang kemudian dibawa ke stesen keretapi Kajang sebelum bertolak ke kem tahanan di Kluang, Johor. Ada juga penduduk kampung sempat melarikan diri ke Kuang, Setapak dan beberapa tempat lagi sehari sebelum kerahan pemindahan ini berlangsung.” (Sumber: Faizal Zainal @ Facebook Selangor 10, 24 Julai 2020: "Lagi Tentang Jenderam").

“A battalion of troops and three companies of Police began an operation at dawn today that aims at rubbing Kampong Jenderam off the map of Malaya. The British Adviser, Selangor, Mr. A.N. Ross, the G.O.C. South Malaya, Major General R.C.O. Hedley, the Commander, 18th Infantry Brigade, Brigadier R.T.K. Pyke were among senior officials who witnessed the destruction of Jenderam and the round-up of its 1,500 inhabitants, mostly Malays and Chinese with a few Indians. The troops and Police were divided into 11 sections, each augmented with a team of six officials and a Jungle Company. At 5 a.m. they struck, at what has officially been described as - a wasp's nest of banditry - one of the main centres of Malay Communists and Malay Communist propaganda. The inhabitants were awakened, told they were to be removed from their homes and ordered to pack what they could reasonably carry. A list of their remaining goods were made and a receipt handed to them. A convoy of 50 army lorries transported them to a reception centre at Kajang where they remained until evening when they were put aboard two special trains that are taking them to a detention camp in Kluang, Johore, a distance of a little over 100 miles. The sick and old were taken in ambulances to a casualty reception station and later transported to Kajang where serious cases were hospitalised.

TREMENDOUS TASK

Officials from the Supplies and Veterinary Departments made a census of goods in shops and of livestock and PWD officials appraised buildings. The complete destruction of Jenderam and its surrounding areas has been a tremendous task but the operation was carried out with more speed than had been anticipated, no doubt due to the unexpectedly acquiescent behaviour of the inhabitants who were taken by complete surprise. Some seemed delighted that they were to be moved and packed their belongings with smiling faces. The cattle, pigs and poultry will be auctioned tomorrow. 'Until the name of Jenderam is finally scrubbed from the map; until it consists only of empty, deserted buildings, a cordon of troops and police will remain round it to prevent looting by any bandits who dare to try to help themselves of the former inhabitants' possessions', states a communique. An official release giving reasons for the operation states that bandit influence has been exerted in Kampong Jenderam long before the emergency began. The entire area has been dominated by political organisations like the API who have been hostile to Government. During the past two years Communist bandits received active support from the inhabitants who not only sheltered, fed and spied for the bandits, but also cooked food for them and mended their clothes. It has also been an important food supply centre for the terrorists. The majority of Malays in the Independent Bandit Platoon that has operated for the past two years on the borders of Selangor and Negri Sembilan originally, came from this kampong. When the Malay bandit leader Abdul Manan was killed last month, it was found that he had organised a network of informers and couriers in the village. A great deal of the information regarding troop movements and other matters obtained by Communists has been from this kampong. In the last two years the police have arrested a number of agents from Kampong Jenderam, but it is now clear that these men were soon replaced by others from the same area. It was one of the main centres in the country for issuing Malay Communist propaganda, in which it was stated that Abdul Manan could be easily contacted through any person living in the village.

60 DETAINED

To date, over 60 inhabitants of Jenderam have been detained for assisting the bandits, and there have been five bandit-inspired incidents in the area. The Malay guru at Jenderam school was recently murdered by Abdul Manan, when staying in the kampong. People detained include Chinese, Indonesians and Malays. They will be screened as soon as possible with a view to the early release of those who can prove that they have taken no part in the assistance given by the area to bandits. Others will be transferred to rehabilitation camps, after which they will be re-settled in one of the many areas in Selangor where padi planters are badly needed.”

(Sumber: Singapore Standard, 16 February 1951, Page 1: |"Troops Wipe Out Pro-Red Town; 1,500 Detained").

“Villagers of Jenderam were removed yesterday morning under the Emergency Regulations. Picture shows an official of the Supplies Dept. checking over with a woman the list of the goods she was leaving behind in her shop.” (Singapore Standard, 16 February 1951, Page 1: |"Villagers Removed").

“Deserted Jenderam will be a burning township in a few days when the R.A.F. go into action and raze to the ground an area whose inhabitants supported bandit gangs of South Selangor and Negri Sembilan. The action on Jenderam was a “top secret” and instructions to those who were taking part in one of the biggest drives to remove active bandit supporters were not issued till the eleventh hour. This contributed greatly to the success of the operation. From an early hour yesterday Security Forces and others were busily engaged in moving the belongings of squatters who on the previous day had been sent in two special trains to resettlement camps in Kluang.

PUBLIC AUCTION

The properties of those evacuated are all being dumped in a former cinema hall in Kajang for sale by public auction in the next few days. PWD labourers and those from neighbouring estates helped in the removal of property, expected to be completed today. The inhabitants of Jenderam who were mainly Malays, were rubber tappers and padi planters and as a result they had large quantities of these commodities when they were surprised at dawn on Thursday by the Security Forces. While they all docilely complied with the orders given to them, many showed distinct signs of nervousness. They wondered what fate had in store for them and their worried looks only disappeared when they were brought to the railway station at Kajang and put into wagons.

NOTHING LEFT

Not till then did they know that they were Kluang-bound and not being sent to prison for their pro-bandit activities. Nothing of any value will have been left in Jenderam by tomorrow. The Veterinary Department has helped to remove all livestock. Food stocks have also been taken away and will be sold. The PWD supplied a team of technical assistants and a labour force of about 200 to help in the “wiping out” ot Jenderam. They have salvaged several hundreds of corrugated iron sheets, planks and furniture with a resale value of about $8,000. The United Planting Association of Malaya will take charge of the disposal of rubber stocks. The whole proceeds from the sale of property salvaged, will be distributed on a pro rata basis to the inhabitants.”

(Sumber: Sunday Standard, 18 February 1951, Page 5: |"RAF Will Level Jenderam SALVAGE OF PROPERTY IS ALMOST COMPLETE").

“The R.A.F. in a statement issued yesterday said that it has no knowledge of any proposal to destroy from the air, the evacuated village of Jenderam in South Selangor. This was in reply to a report in The Sunday Standard yesterday. An R.A.F. spokesman said: 'Neither the Army nor the Air Force is aware of any proposal to use the services to destroy the village.' The Federation Government had announced that the village would be wiped out. Jenderam which was alleged to be a 'hotbed of bandit helpers and sympathisers,' was cleared of its inhabitants a few days ago. They were evacuated to other areas for screening and eventual resettlement.” (Singapore Standard, 19 February 1951, Page 1: |"Jenderam Not To Be Destroyed").

“The R.A.F. said last night that it has no knowledge of any proposal to destroy the evacuated village of Jenderam, in South Selangor, using its aircraft. The statement was issued in reply to a report in a Singapore Sunday newspaper that the village was to be destroyed from the air within the next few days. “Neither the Army nor the Air Force is aware of any proposal to use the services to destroy the village”, an R.A.F. spokesman said. Jenderam was cleared of its inhabitants a few days ago, when they were evacuated to other areas for screening and eventual resettlement. It is alleged that the village has been a hot bed of bandit helpers and sympathisers.” (Indian Daily Mail, 19 February 1951, Page 1: |"JENDERAM: R.A.F. STATEMENT").

“The town of Jenderam may become as notorious as Guernica or Lidice, the Manchester Guardian worries today. In an editorial entitled 'The Strong Arm?' The Guardian comments: 'There are some rather startling reports of vigorous action by the Army and the Police in Malaya. “The smalll town named Jenderam in Selangor had become the headquarters of a Malay Communist leader and of his deputies. From it came a stream of Communist propaganda. 'A Malay school master had been murdered and this had for some time been hushed up. It seems clear that part of the inhabitants either sympathise with Communists or have been terrorised into collusion. But retribution has been extraordinarily radical. Jenderam seemed simply blotted out. Nobody, it is true has been killed but Troops and Police arrived at dawn one day last week and carried off the entire population of 1,500 to settlements hundred of miles away. “What these people could not carry in trucks sent for them - their livestock for example - will be auctioned. Houses for a radius of 12 miles will be destroyed. “This undoubtedly shows Government means business but what kind of business? Jenderam was provocative. But to blot out a town is a new line in British administration. 'Communist propaganda will try to make Jenderam as notorious as say Guernica and Lidice.'” (Standard London Correspondent, Singapore Standard, 21 February 1951, Page 1: |"Jenderam Compared To Lidice").

“It was nonsense to compare the evacuation of Jenderam in Selangor with the razing of the Czech town of Lidice by the Germans in 1942, said the Director of Information, Mr. J. N. McHugh, today. He was commenting on a Manchester Guardian editorial which said that Communist propaganda would try to make Jenderam as notorious as Lidice and Guernica, the Spanish town where thousands of civilians were killed in a bombing raid in 1937. Mr.McHugh said: “It may well be true that Communist propagandists will distort the facts about the removal of people from Jenderam and their resettlement in an area where they will no longer be under the daily menace of bandit terrorist'. “But to compare this action with the murder of civilians by air bombardment in Spain or with the massacre ot villagers by the Nazis is non-sensical.” But this was unlikely to deter the Communist who continuously referred to the murder of innocent Malayan civilians by terrorists as “liberation”. Another Government official said that during the High Commissioner's tour of Selangor yesterday and today he had spoken to many Malays who had been pleased at the removal of this kampong. One leading Malay who had known Jenderam for many years had told the High Commissioner that this action was “one of the best things the Government has done in Selangor.” Before action was taken against Jenderam, considerable pressure had been brought to bear on Government by responsible Malays in Selangor to deal with what they considered “an absolute cancer.” At the detention camp in Johore the people of Jenderam would be screened and separated. Those found to have been unwilling supporters of the bandits and who showed a real desire to co-operate with Government would be re- settled. The other class, Malays and Chinese, who formed most of those removed from Jenderam, had condemned themselves and shown that they were unworthy xitizens of this country, said the spokesman. “This class merits deportation and those who cannot be dealt with should detained during the emergency.' The people at Jenderam had gone in for Communism because they wished to, not because they were forced to.” (The Straits Times, 22 February 1951, Page 7: |"JENDERAM CRITICS ARE TOLD: NONSENSE'").

“Villagers living near to Jenderam - the South Selangor kampong evacuated last week of all its inhabitants - are leaving their homes to seek shelter in nearby towns. Eighty of the 90 houses in Kampong Bukit Raya - the next village to Jenderam - are now empty. “They obviously feel guilty and are taking to heart the lesson of Jenderam,” said a Government officer today. He said that the whole area around Jenderam, including Kampong Bukit Raya “was a bad area.” There was a big Malay Min Yuen organisation there, said the official. He said that it the villagers of Kampong Bukit Raya are moving out on their own, the authorities will be more than pleased for it will “save us of doing another Jenderam.”

People's Fear

According to the Malay newspaper Majlis, the voluntary evacuation ot Kampong Bukit Raya is because the people fear similar action may be taken against them. The paper said the kampong is considered a “hot spot.” A school teacher in the village is reported to have said that about 40 pupils have left school and moved with their parents. Today the Majlis editorial commenting on the Manchester Guardian criticism of the Jenderam evacuation which describes last week's action as “a new line in British administration,” says that these are the views of those living 8,000 miles away. “Local people are better informed regarding the incident,” the Majlis points out. “We know why the authorities have acted to blot out the village and to send the people to Kluang.” states Majlis.”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 23 February 1951, Page 8: |"Villagers Near Jenderam Flee Their Homes").

“The debate on Jenderam continues in the columns of the Manchester Guardian with a letter this morning replying to Mr. Mellugh's statements rebutting last week's Guardian editorial criticising Jenderam action. 'The remarks about the Jenderam case by Mr. McHugh, the Director of Information, Federation of Malaya, are disturbing. He says that to compare the forced evacuation of the people of Jenderam with Nazi action at Lidice is non-sensical. 'It is true that nobody was killed by the police at Jenderam. But Mr. McHugh does not deny that the whole township was blotted out by British police; that the inhabitants - guilty and innocent - were carted off for over 100 miles; that their houses were destroyed and immovable goods sold. “Jenderam had only 1,500 inhabitants. But is it right to blot out even a small township because misdeeds have been committed there? Where do we stop? “If a town of 1,500 can be used in this way why not a great city? It is strange that no English newspaper except the Manchester Guardian has mentioned the affair.” The letter was signed by “Observer”.” (Singapore Standard, 28 February 1951, Page 3: |"McHugh 's Remarks Disturb UK Man").

(Arkib Negara 1957/0674771W, 28/02/1951: |"537. LESSON OF JENDERAM").

“Jenderam, so the official communique tells us, is today 'a deserted, soulless place'. Its eight square miles have been denuded of population. Jenderam, with its empty and deserted buildings which once housed 1,500 people, has been 'scrubbed from the map'. When the kampong was being rubbed out, there were, says the official communique, 'tears from some of the women'. But assures the statement, they were 'crocodile tears which did not soften the heart of the authorities.' For the authorities, the destruction of Jenderam was a military necessity. The kampong was one of the main centres of Communist propaganda. There have been some fifty major bandit-inspired incidents in this area and a large number of bandit camps have been discovered in the vicinity. Militarily, therefore, Jenderam had to be wiped out. The authorities had to remove an obstacle from the path to victory. Once we accept the premise that military necessity should be the overriding consideration then there can be no argument about Jenderam. The grim logic of military necessity must lead to Jenderam and other Jenderams before this war is over. The end justifies the means. And having made this profound confession we can turn over and get a good night's rest. But before we can do this we must drug our conscience and put into cold storage our sense of right and wrong. Once we do this, however, the end becomes meaningless. We begin to uphold the very evils against which we have taken up arms. In Jenderam we have undoubtedly acted against principles which are cardinal to the democratic way of life. For the moral assumption behind Jenderam is that it is right to punish the innocent as well as the guilty. This is a long way from the proud and, until now, legitimate boast that our law would rather that 10 guilty men should go free than one innocent man should suffer. Jenderam is merely the logical outcome of the objectionable principle of collective punishment which we have accepted today. There may be people who may not be in a mood to attempt to resolve this contradiction between our traditional conceptions of justice and military necessity. Collective punishment, they will say, is not a fit subject for moral discourse at the present time. Such a discussion will only serve to confuse the issue and play into the hands ot the Communists. But if it is to “confuse” the issue and “to play into the hands of Communism” by calling attention to the fact that we ourselves are being false to the principles which it is our intention to defend, then we are living in strange times indeed. If we are afraid to have flung at our face the sacred principles which we claim to worship, then is it because our conscience is disturbed?

We don't say that is at all easy to reconcile military necessity with our sense of justice. Sometimes it may be necessary to sacrifice justice to meet desperate situation. But that must be done only when it is genuinely impossible to do otherwise. Collective punishment which even Sir Henry Gurney admitted as involving “the objectionable principle of punishment of the innocent” is being resorted to far more readily and frequently than we had expected. Collective punishment has been applied in Pusing, in Sungkok and Jenderam within the last two months: At the moment of writing the village of Sungei Udang is under the threat of being declared a “bad” village. It is, of course, silly to compare Jenderam to Lidice and Guernica. The villagers of Jenderam have not been subjected to physical violence. But what we did kill in Jenderam was our sense of justice. It is reported that villagers living near to Jenderam are leaving their homes to seek shelter in neighbouring towns. There may be guilty ones among them but there are also innocent people who are fleeing because they have begun to fear us. We have waxed indignant whenever the Fascists and the Communists have applied the principle of collective punishment, the punishment of the innocent, in areas which are hostile to them. But now that we are upholding the same principle can we, without being hypocritical, point a finger of scorn at them? Or are we to come forward and say bluntly that in fighting Communism we should not pay regard to what is right and wrong but that justice is that which helps us to achieve the end we have in view? We point to Jenderam as a warning that unless we are careful we may finish this war believing that justice is what is convenient to us and that moral values are meaningless aphorisms for school children only. Let us not make the future safe for what the late George Orwell called “double-think.””

(Sumber: Singapore Standard, 1 March 1951, Page 6: |"Ends And Means").

“The United Malays National Organisation has asked the Federation Government to allow their representatives to be present, should the authorities decide to screen the evacuated Jenderam villagers. The inhabitants of Jenderam, south Selangor, mostly Malays, were evacuated to Kluang, Johore, two weeks ago, as a collective punishment, for aiding the bandits. The village is to be destroyed soon. The Batu Pahat and Kluang district branch of UMNO has already taken steps to provide material relief for the evacuees, UMNO headquarters announced yesterday. Relief in the form of clothing, mats, prayer-garbs for women and gifts for children has already been sent to the evacuees. A relief fund has been established and the UMNO headquarters are also taking steps to aid the evacuees.” (The Straits Times, 1 March 1951, Page 5: |"We Want To Be There, UMNO").

“The UMNO Central Working Committee will send $1,000 cash, food and clothing to the Jenderam evacuees now in Kluang detention camp, UMNO headquarters announced yesterday. The Committee is appealing to UMNO members and the public to contribute to the “Jenderam Relief Fund.” UMNO branches have been instructed to start collecting clothing for the evacuees.” (The Straits Times, 15 March 1951, Page 1: |"UMNO TO AID JENDERAM").

“The proposed destruction of Jenderam is to raised in the House of Commons next week by Mr. Emrys Hughes. (Labour). The House is still concerned about rubber shipments to Russia and Mr. Bossom, Conservative will ask the Prime Minister next week to consider stopping such exports from British and Colonial ports. Mr. Bossom draws attention to a rubber shipment worth &1,250,000 now on its way to Russia from a British port.” (The Straits Times, 3 March 1951, Page 5: |"Question On Jenderam").

“Mr. Tom Cook, Colonial Under-Secretary, told the House of Commons yesterday that the detention of 1,600 inhabitants of Jenderam last month was exceptional. They were detained because Jenderam had been a hotbed of Communist activities, he said. Mr. Emrys Hughes (Labour) had asked for details of the detention. Mr. Cook replied: “The 1,600 inhabitants of Jenderam, consisting mostly of Indonesian Malays and Chinese, were detained under the Emergency Regulation 17-D, which provides for collective detention; they have been evacuated to a camp for screening after which those who can safely be released will be resettled. “The reason for this action was that Jenderam had long been a hotbed of Communist activities. It had been a centre for providing supplies and recruits for terrorist bands operating in South Selangor. No Information what-ever had been forthcoming from the inhabitants. 'The people are being well cared for and will receive compensation for goods they were unable to take with them. Those who are eventually resettled will, of course, receive Government assistance in the normal course. “This operation was carried out only after careful consideration and is exceptional, it emphasises by contrast the Government's constructive and progressive policy elsewhere in Malaya tn assisting all those who show willingness to co-operate in the restoration of law and order.' - Reuter” (The Singapore Free Press, 8 March 1951, Page 1: |"Jenderam was an exception"; The Singapore Free Press, 8 March 1951, Page 1: "PERSIA KILLING WORRIES WEST").

“Mr. Tom Cook, Colonial Under-Secretary, told the House of Commons today that the detention of 1,600 inhabitants of Jenderam, Malaya last month was exceptional. Replying to questions by Mr. Emrys Hughes, Mr. Cook said: 'The reason for this action was that Jenderan[m] had long been a hotbed of Communist activities. It had been a centre for providing supplies and recruits for terrorist bands operating in South Selangor. No information whatever had been forthcoming from the inhabitants.' The people are being well cared for and will receive compensation for goods they were unable to take with them. Those who are eventually resettled will of course receive government assistance in the normal course.” (Singapore Standard, 9 March 1951, Page 3: |"JENDERAM EXPLAINED TO HOUSE").

“Jenderam is not the first village in Malaya to be dealt with under Emergency Regulation 17D. Sixteen other villages have been likewise treated and they are all squatter areas. This was stated by the Chief Secretary, Mr. M.V. del Tufo, referring to comments which he said had been caused on the evacuation of Jenderam. He said resettlement was being pressed forward throughout the country. The speed at which the work was being done and the enthusiasm of all races engaged in it was remarkable, he said. In all, 334 resettlement areas had been completed, were being constructed or were under planning in the Federation. Intensive work was being carried out in the priority areas. There were good grounds for hoping that this important work would be completed in those areas within the next two months. In Johore, it had been possible to provide the Asian and European staff required and with the completion of the greater part of the work in South Johore, the main pressure has been transferred to North Johore.” (Singapore Standard, 22 March 1951, Page 3: |"JENDERAM WAS NOT THE FIRST").

“Of 1,725 Jenderam villagers detained when that whole south Selangor settlement was taken into custody, 101 have now been proved to have engaged in Communist activity. Seventy-two of them were Malays and 29 Chinese. A Selangor Government statement says that there is sufficient evidence to justify Court proceedings against four Malays.

The day that 952 Malays, 670 Chinese, and 103 Indians were moved from the village, 62 were released when found to be visitors or families of constables or special constables. Since then people released have included Government servants, relatives of police, and non-residents of Jenderam. Relatives of the 101 people link- ed with Communist activities number 315 Malays and 145 Chinese. Only about half of the people detained have been dealt with. There still another remains 461 Malays and 484 Chinese to be classified. Of those taken to detention camp, 565 were children under 12 years of age, and 97 were more than 60 years old.”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 6 April 1951, Page 5: |"101 FROM JENDERAM GUILTY").

“Since the evacuation of the population of the village of Jenderam and an area of 12 square miles surrounding it, 133 people have been released from the Kluang Detention Camp. A further 17 will be released in the near future. There are also 672 people over the age of 60 or under the age of 12 who could be released from Kluang but who refused because they wish to stay with their parents and relations who are still detained. Evidence of complicity with the bandits has been found in the cases of 117 people - 81 Malays and 36 Chinese. Prosecutions against these people may take place. Of the remainder, enquiries are still going on in the cases of 400 people - approximately 300 Malays and 100 Chinese - who are believed to have been closely connected with the bandits. The people released will be resettled elsewhere, but though Jenderam is still a prohibited area, they may be allowed to return to collect any of their property which remains in the village. If their goods have not yet been auctioned, they will be returned to them, otherwise they will be given the money the goods fetched.” (Indian Daily Mail, 10 April 1951, Page 4: |"Jenderam Screening: 133 Already Released").

“Five Malay boys and a girl who originally lived at Jenderam yesterday returned to Kajang after being relesaed from the Kluang detention camp in Johore. They were among the 34 released this week.” (The Straits Times, 14 April 1951, Page 4: |"6 CHILDREN RELEASED").

“Jenderam is the subject of eight questions Captain Hussein bin Onn will put to the Secretary for Defence when the Federal Legislative Council meets next week. Captain Hussein wants to know how many persons from Kampong Jenderam and the surrounding Kampongs, if any, were rounded up by the police, the reasons for the round-up, if all those rounded up are being detained in the Kluang camp. He will also ask how many have so far been screened; how many have been released, how many have been proved or suspected to have been engaged in Communist activity, what arrangements have been made to safeguard the properties of those rounded up, and finally, whether those released will be allowed to go back to Jenderam and the surrounding kampongs.” (Singapore Standard, 19 April 1951, Page 3: |"Jenderam For Council").

“Of those sent to the Kluang Detention Camp, a total of 56, including 32 Malay children under 12 years, have been released up to April 21. All the inhabitants of the area were screened during the course of the round-up operations and since then more than 100 persons, all adult Malays or Indonesians, have been interrogated. The process was continuing, Mr. Watherston stated. Evidence has emerged from the interrogations that of those detained, 81 Indonesians and Malays and 36 Chinese were definitely implicated with the bandits. This did not mean that it would be possible to charge all these people in court. The ultimate number against whom there was evidence of complicity with the bandits was likely to be very much higher, said Mr. Watherston. All livestock and perishable goods belonging to the people who were rounded up in Kampong Jenderam, have been sold and the amounts realised will be paid to the original owners of the property. Moveable property, such as furniture, bicycles and wireless sets which it was impracticable for the owners to take to the detention camp has been moved to Kajang where it has been stored. With regard to immovable property, there are several houses ? ? ? ? ? approximately 20 square miles. No person is allowed in the area without a written authority from the C.P.O. and such protection as is within the power of the security forces is being given, said Mr. Watherston. In general, any person released from detention will not be permitted to return to the Jenderam area at least for the present. 'It is the intention that they should be made subject to orders under the Emergency Regulations prohibiting them from residing within the south Selangor Police Circle,” Mr. Watherston stated. He added that it was understood that the Selangor Government had selected areas in other parts of the State for the settlement of such persons as were released. They could either live at these places or go to live elsewhere at- approved addresses, he explained. Inche Mohd. Yusof asked whether Government was aware that it was “useless” to release the husband and detain the wife and vice versa. Mr. Watherston replied that Government considered each case carefully. To another question by Inche Yusof whether Government was aware that released husbands were lingering about the detention camp until their wives were released and vice versa, there was no answer.”

(Sumber: Singapore Standard, 26 April 1951, Page 3: |"For Action Against Jenderam'—Watherston").

“CONTINGENT INTELLGENCE BRANCH SELANGOR, KUALA LUMPUR, 20 August 1951.
…..
The Honourable the State Secretary, Selangor Secretariat, Kuala Lumpur.

Sir, Subject: Release of Jenderam Detainees-E.R.17D.

I have the honour to attach herewith a copy of Police Intelligence Bureau instructions upon procedure for release of Jenderam squatters now detained in Kluang under E.R.17D.

2. It is understood that it is a matter of public policy that recommendations for releases are implimented without delay. On the basis of figures dated 30.6.51, it may be estimated that 700 Malays and 500 Chinese will be released and resettled under terms of Restricted Residence. It would therefore be appreciated if some priority could be accorded to applications for Suspension of Orders under E.R.17D(6A) and for issue of Restricted Residence Orders under E.R.17F(b) when these applications are submitted for your consideration.

I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant,
(P.F. MURCH) FOR CONTINGENT INTELLIGENCE OFFICER, SELANGOR.”

(Sumber: Arkib Negara 1957/0304081W, 13/08/1951: |"PROCEDURE FOR RELEASE OF JENDERAM DETAINEES").

(Arkib Negara 1957/0467681W, 30/08/1951: |"RETURN OF DETAINESS FROM JENTERAM, SELANGOR. 2.VISIT TO DETAINES BY INDONESIAN CONSUL - GENERAL.").

“Of the 1,496 people of Jenderam screened in the Kluang Detention Camp, 1,230 - 616 Malays and 614 Chinese - have been released. Some of them have been resettled, others have gone to live with relatives. Detentionorders have been issued against 195 of the prople. Seventy-one of the dependants of these detainees are at present in detention with them.” (Singapore Standard, 7 November 1951, Page 4: |"1,230 Released").

“Bandits collected $4,000 a month from villagers in Jenderam and on the door of every house was chalked the amount to be paid every month. The Federal Legislative Council was told this today when the Secretary for Defence, Mr. D. C. Watherston, replied to Captain Hussein bin Onn on why the village in south Selangor was cleared. Before it was decided to make a whole sweep of Jenderam and clear the people away to a detention camp, more than 100 Malays had come to Kuala Lumpur, in small and large deputations on different dates, to plead with the C.P.O. Selangor to take action. Mr. Watherston said the whole of the Jenderam area, covering some 20 square miles, was now prohibited to the public, unless they obtained a permit trom the C.P.O. Those detainees from Jenderam who had been released could go to other selected areas in Selangor.” (The Straits Times, 26 April 1951, Page 1: |"Paid Bandits $4000monthly").

“Before the round-up in Kampong Jenderam in February last took place, altogether over 100 Malays from Kampongs in South Selangor had come to Kuala Lumpur in large and small parties on different dates to beg the Chief Police Officer to take action against Jenderam. These Malays said that they were being bled white by the Jenderam people. This was revealed in the Federal Legislative Council today by the Secretary for Defence, Mr. D. C, Watherston, answering oral questions by Capt. Hussein bin Onn. Mr Watherston said that of the 1,807 people who were rounded up 12 Chinese, 83 Malays and 103 Indians, totalling 198, were exempted by the High Commissioner from the operation of the order made under the Emergency Regulations and were released either immediately or within a few days. He recounted the reasons for the round-up in Jenderam which, he said, was the bandits' supply and information centre for the whole of south Selangor. Bandit collections from Jenderam came to $4,000 month, he said. All those rounded up in Jenderam, except those released, are being detained in the Kluang Detention Camp, because there is no place for them in any of the camps in Selangor.” (Singapore Standard, 26 April 1951, Page 3: |"For Action Against Jenderam'—Watherston").

“The fuller story of Jenderam, told in the Federal Legislative Council by the Secretary of Defence, and the 'last warning' which has now been given to 'the worst town in the Federation', will help limit the optimism which has recently coloured the Emergency outlook. Heavily fined only a few weeks ago, the town of Pusing apparently was taught nothing by its brief experience of the power of the law. The murder of another constable within the wired perimeter of the town, in circumstances which suggest that townspeople know more than they will say, has brought the warning that this must be the last incident. If Pusing's inhabitants are unable to look after themselves, other arrangements will be made.

That means whatever the authorities later choose that it should mean. The possibilities can be most unpleasant, as the fate of Jenderam has shown. The entire population of Jenderam was removed to a detention camp in Johore, and an area extending about ten miles round the village has since remained closed. But if measured as drastic as this are contemplated for Pusing, the Government should make public as soon as it conveniently can the facts on which it proposes to act. This was not done in the case of Jenderam, and the result was much unnecessary suspicion, still not entirely dispersed despite Mr. Watherston's statement in the Federal Council. What steps have in fact been taken in Pusing to control the township? The District Officer has spoken of the town's inhabitants being 'unable to look after themselves.' It is a strange phrase which clearly needs an explanation. How far are the people of Pusing, and of other terror ridden towns and villages, supposed to be able to look after themselves? Where does official responsibility begin or end?

There have been no signs of Pusing trying to help itself, the District Officer has added. The blukar outside the perimeter fence has not been kept cut, and the town has failed to recruit a full Home Guard. Whose fault is this? Even Kuala Lumpur has failed to recruit a full Home Guard and although the circumstances admittedly are hardly the same, it is far, far easier for the Federal capital to establish a Home Guard than it is for Pusing. How seriously must the Kuala Lumpur failure be taken? And who is really responsible for the perimeter fence in Pusing, the townspeople or the police and the other representatives of the Government, law and order? Since Pusing was fined, what has been done to help the townspeople look after themselves? What kind of police post has been established there, and are there adequate arrangements for reinforcement if reinforcement is needed?

There may be perfectly satisfactory answers to all these that there are, for the inference which otherwise may be drawn from the District Officer's warning must give rise to some uneasiness. The Government must take the strongest possible measures against any section of the community which aids the Communist terror, and it cannot allow itself to be deterred even by the thought that a few among the many who are punished may be innocent, at worst negligent in their public duty. But the Government must not take drastic action against a community which has not been given all the help and protection that are possible. And while there can be no two opinions about the notoriety of Pusing, not yet has the Government established all the facts which the public will regard as necessary for its reassurance.

It is important that the Government should do so. Public support is essential for any measures it may take and, as the case of Jenderam has shown, support may be forfeited if some of the facts are concealed. The Secretary for Defence, in his statement in the Federal Council, made out an indictment against Jenderam which Councillors could not challenge. Yet he said nothing which could not have been said at the time. Convincing as the indictment was, however, the impression is still left that Jenderam became what it was partly because of Government inability to take any kind of action earlier. Mr. Watherston told the Council how a hundred villagers made their separate trek to Kuala Lumpur to beg the Government to act. Jenderam did not become a problem village overnight. Possibly there was a stage when action less drastic than that which was finally found necessary could have restored the situation. And so with Pusing.

These are far from normal times, and measures which would be repugnant in the ordinary way must now be tolerated. The public accepts this fact, and will support these measures when it is convinced of their necessity. But it must be given the information on which to form an opinion. It cannot be expected to have no opinion at all.”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 30 April 1951, Page 4: |"Punishing Pusing").

“A young Malay, Yusoff bin Maidin, who was stated to have been detained following the evacuation of the inhabitants of Jenderam, near Kajang, early this year, was today charged before Mr. Justice Taylor at the Kuala Lumpur Supreme Court with robbing a Malay woman, Maimunah binti Haji Mahmud, and her son, Zainin, of their identity cards. Maimunah and her son told the Court that on the night of January 15, two persons, one a Malay and the other a Chinese, who was in bandit uniform and armed with a rifle, went to their house at Jenderam Hilir and took away their identity cards. Zainin added that one of the persons was the accused whom he had seen in the vilage on three other occasions. He later identified the accused at an identification parade held at the Kajang Police Station. Accused admitted robbing Maimunah and her son of their identity cards, but stated that he was forced to do so by a gang of bandits who threatened him with death if he refused. He said that he managed to escape from the bandits three days later and went away to Johore where he was arrested. His Lordship postponed the case to tomorrow morning so as to enable the prosecution to produce evidence of the accused's arrest. The prosecution had stated that accused was detained folowing the evacuation of Jenderam, but accused stated that he was arrested in Johore.” (Singapore Standard, 7 November 1951, Page 4: |"Youth Says Bandits Forced Him To Rob").

“Eighteen villages in the Federation have now been punished under Emergency Regulation 17D for collaboration with the Communist Bandits. Notable instances have been Pusing, in Perak, which was fined, and Jenderam. in Selangor, which was razed. In 1949, 16 places were punished involving almost 8,000 people. Early this year, the 1,500 people of Jenderam were punished. Tras is the 17th village to be moved.” (The Straits Times, 8 November 1951, Page 1: |"18th village to get 17D penalty").

“The village that bred, harboured and helped the murderers of Sir Henry Gurney is being wiped out. At dawn yesterday, troops, police and government teams moved into Tras to begin the operation that will obliterate a notorious Communist centre. … It might have been thought that the information which the security forces apparently discovered for themselves would have been warrant enough long ago. This is something which the Government, or the Director of Operations, must explain. How much rope are the Trases, the Jenderams and the Pusings to be given? How many other villages are there which have given the Communists 'active support without interruption for the past three years?' Where else do the Communists have their republics of fear?

Next to relief that at last the authorities have taken stern action comes anger that they should have waited so long. It was the same in Pusing. It was the same in Jenderam. After the razing of Jenderam made headlines in the world's Press, the Secretary for Defence managed to make out a case. The Legislative Council was told how a hundred villagers had separately trekked to Kuala Lumpur to beg the Government to act. Jenderam was a known recruiting centre for the Communists, where armed terrorists often strolled openly through the village streets. From Jenderam well-worn paths led to jungle camps, and on the door of each house was marked in chalk the monthly tax that was paid to the Communists. Let us note too the result of the Jenderam operation. A total of 1,496 persons were arrested and screened. Of these 1,230 have been released and resettled. Less than one-fifth of the people of Jenderam were Communist supporters, active or only suspected. Four-fifths were the prisoners of fear.”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 8 November 1951, Page 6: |"Prisoners Of Fear").

“The Muslim Welfare Committee of Kuala Lumpur today gave food to some of the 100 Malay familities from Jenderam reported to be stranded in Kuang Gombak and Setapak in Selangor.” (The Straits Times, 20 November 1951, Page 7: |"Stranded Malays receive food").

“Labour critics have entirely overlooked the cases of Pusing and Jenderam, to mention only two occasions on which drastic action was approved by the Labour Government certainly on no better grounds than Tanjong Malim. Jenderam was razed, and its inhabitants motored off to detention camps where they were held for several months until a long process of interrogation was completed. And Jenderam had become what it was mainly because the authorities had not taken sufficient precautions despite the pleas of villagers in the district who had many times urged the Government to do something. There had also been Government negligence in the case of Pusing, a township which was fined and put under strict curfew. But no Labour Peer or M.P. protested.” (The Straits Times, 9 April 1952, Page 6: |"The Sport Of Party").

“For entering Jenderam, a controlled area, without a permit, Kok Koon Chuan and Choo Ah Yen were each fined $20 by Raja Suleiman, Circuit Magistrate, Sepang, on Saturday.” (Singapore Standard, 30 September 1952, Page 5: |"2 Had No Permit").

(Arkib Negara 1957/0675727W, 26/01/1953: |"LEAFLET NO 1549 - " TO PEOPLE OF BANTING , JENDERAM NEWS VILLAGE & SUNGEI BULOH").

“With regard to Jenderam Village, Inche Aziz asked whether Government would consider re-opening the village to its former inhabitants in view of the improved Emergency situation in that area. Mr. Humphrey replied that the possibility of permitting some of its former inhabitants to return to Jenderam is being considered.” (Singapore Standard, 7 May 1953, Page 5: |"SAME LAWS FOR ALL DETAINEES").

“The empty shell of Jenderam, the Selangor village which became a bandit lair, will go in flames in about five weeks. Until then it is to be stripped of everything useful and saleable. Anything that can be sold will be auctioned and the money divided among its 1,500 inhabitants. The livestock from the village, brought to Kuala Lumpur at the end of last week, was sold at the week-end. Today the Queen's Cinema, Kajang, not in use for two uears, was converted into an elaborate provision market. Tin provisions, Chinese sauce, peas and beans, meehoon and coconut oil, which had been brought down to Kajang from Jenderam, were auctioned.” (The Straits Times, 20 February 1951, Page 1: |"Jenderam: What's Left Is Sold").

“A denial that there was looting during the operation against Jenderam - the Selangor village which became a bandits' lair - was made today by the Kajang district War Executive Committee. The committee admitted, however, that some property had been stolen on the night of Feb. 15/16 following the evacuation, but said that this had occured in the outlying districts and it had been physically impossible to stop it. 'The presence of bandits in the area on that night has been definitely established,' said the committee. The committee said three bicycles and one sewing machine are known to be missing. Answering questions by Sunday Times the Committee said that not a single packet of cigarettes was found in Jenderam. There was, however, a small quantity of Chinese tobacco. A certain amount of beer was held in stock by the village shopkeepers. Some was bought on the spot and paid for by people who took part in the operation. What remained, the committee said, was destroyed because of the difficulty of transporting it to Kajang. There were six cases of 48 tins each and 26 loose tins of condensed milk brought to Kajang. There were six cases of 48 tins each and 26 loose tins of condensed milk brought to Kajang. This, considering the population of Jenderam and the outlying district was not great but the Executive Officer, South Selangor, who was in charge of the operation, said that when he examined the baggage of a number of shopkeepers he found that many of them were carrying tins of milk. In one case he counted 50 tins.”

“Subrayan, a conservancy mandore, who is making a name for himself as an auctioneer at Kajang. During the sale of goods brought in from the village of Jenderam, Subrayan is chief 'salesman' under the supervision of the Assistant District Officer, Inche Jalal. Here he is seen holding a tin of biscuits, one of a lot of 100 which he sold for more than $300. - Sunday Times picture.”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 25 February 1951, Page 9: |"No looting at Jenderam").

“Two young Indians, M. Nathan and Sambutram, who were arrested at the deserted village of Jenderam on April 3 with two sacks full of padi, mats and bowls and two frying pans, were at Kajang charged with being unable to account satisfactorily tor the possession of the goods, which were suspected of having been fradulently obtained. The case was postponed to April 17.” (The Straits Times, 12 April 1951, Page 8: |"Jenderam: two charged").

“Two young Indian labourers. M. Naitham and Samutram, were yesterday convicted for fraudulently having two sacks of padi, pieces of matting, bowls and frying pans, and also for being in a prohibited area - Jenderam. Naitham was sentenced to two months' imprisonment on the first charge and fined $15 on the second charge. Samutram was bound over to be of good behaviour in $200.” (The Straits Times, 20 April 1951, Page 7: |"THEY WERE IN JENDERAM").

“Alleged thefts from Jenderam during the evacuation of 1,700 under the Emergency Regulations had a sequel at Kajang when Thillyampalam, a senior Indian hospital attendant with 24 years' service, was acquitted of stealing two bicycle tyres. The Magistrate, Inche Harun, said he felt that all the ambulance men were implicated. “I do not understand why the whole lot of them were not charged.” he added. Evidence was given that several articles were found in an ambulance which had gone to Jenderam to remove the sick and aged. After hearing five prosecution witnesses, the magistrate said that unless the four stretcher-bearers, two hospital attendants, and two policemen were all charged, he was not prepared to convict one man. All the men connected with the ambulance denied stealing the articles. Thillyampalam who was represented by Mr. Robert Chelliah was acquitted and discharged. The court was told that the ambulance made a number or trips from Jenderam to Kajang. Mr. Deval. A.S.P. and Police Lieut. Porthouse, said they saw Thillyampalam coming out of a shop in Jenderam carrying two bicycle tyres. Suspecting that he had stolen the tyres. they searched the ambulance and found two ducks and a basket full of household utensils.” (The Straits Times, 10 April 1951, Page 4: |"Bench frees 1, says 8 guilty").

“The Kajang District War Executive Committee today admitted that there were three reports of theft made during the evacuation of 1,500 residents of Jenderam, but maintained that there was no looting at the time. In a statement, the committee stated that the recent trial of a senior dresser of the Kajang Government Hospital was an individual instance where a charge of theft had been brought. There were two other cases reported which were now under consideration. 'Looting,' the committee stated, 'legally implies the widespread removal of goods by all and sundry. The case reported in Tuesday's Straits Times was an individual case of theft.'

At the trial, the magistrate had stated that he was not prepared to continue with the case because he could not understand why the other occupants of the ambulance in which the dresser was riding had not been charged with him. The War Executive Committee today stated the question of whether the other occupants of the ambulance would be charged was now under consideration by Federation Police headquarters in Kuala Lumpur.

FOOTNOTE: The Concise Oxford Dictionary defines 'loot' as 'goods taken from enemy, spoil, booty, illicit gains made by officials.'”

(Sumber: The Straits Times, 14 April 1951, Page 4: |"JENDERAM 3 THEFTS, BUT NO LOOTING").

“Steps are being taken to refund the proceeds of the sale of the belongings of detainees in Jenderam. A committee to investigate all claims made for refund has been formed and further action awaits the result of deliberation of the committee. This statement was made in the State Council today in answer to a question by Mr. Leung Cheung Ling.” (Singapore Standard, 13 December 1951, Page 4: |"REFUND OF PROCEEDS").

“The latest position of detainees removed from Jenderam on Feb 15 last year was explained by Mr. E.B. David, Secretary for Defence, when he answered a series of questions put to him by Enche Abdul Aziz. Mr. David said that of the 1,609 persons detained 1,347 have been released. Sufficient evidence was forthcoming against 194 of these persons, namely 157 Malays and Indonesians and 37 Chinese to warrant the making of individual orders of detention. These 194 persons have in detention with them 68 dependent children in the Kluang Detention Camp. The Malays and Indonesians who have been released have not been resettled. They were allowed to join their relatives in various parts of the State except in South Selangor. A few have joined their relatives outside the State. None of them wished to be resettled.

The proceeds of sales of perishable goods which the detainees had at the time of their removal were deposited in the sub-treasury, Kajang. The total amount realised by the sales was $2,097.50. No payment has yet been made because no claim has been lodged. The District Officer, Ulu Langat has published a notice to the effect that all claims should be ? March 24, 1952. About 70 per cent of the perishable goods have been handed back to their ? As a general rule ? check that the claims are genuine the ?ed to produce ? receipts but any claimant able to satisfy ? D.O. ? particular article ? is allowed to take her property. Government will ? paying compensation ? persons detained under Emergency Regulation 17c.

Regarding detention ? David said there were ? use at Ipoh, Port Swettenham, Tanjong Bruas, Malacca, ? Kluang and Majeedi in Johor Bahru. The ? Tanjong Bruas is in ? down and will shortly ? for other purposes. Detainees are graded ? to the degree of the estimated risk to public security which would be involved ? released. At Feb. 29 this year there were 6483 Chinese, 912(?) Malay, ? Indians, 73 Thais, ? in these camps.”

(Sumber: Singapore Standard, 20 March 1952, Page 4: | "194 JENDERAM VILLAGERS STILL UNDER DETENTION").

“Description : THE ENQUIRIES CONCERNING THE BELONGINGS OF JENDERAM MALAY DETAINEES AND THE PLAN OF STATE GOVERNMENT FOR THEM DURING THEIR COMING RESETTLEMENT IN 1952.” (Arkib Negara 1957/0302366W, 30/09/1952: | "PROPERTIES AND BELONGINGS OF THE JENDRAM MALAY DETAINEES").

“The Malay Detainees Welfare Committee last night decided to apoint a four-man sub-committee, headed by Inche Pateh Akhir, to consider claims for compensation submitted by former inhabitants of Jenderam, Selangor, who were detained in 1951. The claims concern loss of property resulting from the clearance of the village. The claimants have submitted details to the committee with a request that the claims be submitted to the Selangor Government for payment. The claimants, the committee said, were not satisfied with present Government policy of paying only about ten per cent or less of the total value of their property as compensation. The committee has been told by Selangor's Mentri Besar, Raja Uda bin Raja Muhammad, that Government is planning to rehabilitate Jenderam detainees in a new village near their former holdings and to give them adequate protection.” (The Straits Times, 8 January 1953, Page 8: |"Detainees want higher payments").

“Utusan Melayu understands that the Malay Detainees Welfare Committee has got a complete ? claims to be made in ? of goods and movable properties lost as the result of the arrest and detention of the 1,300 people of Jenderam. The paper hopes that the Selangor Government will not create difficulties when the claims are made. But, says Utusan, what the Jenderam people ? ask for now is that they should be allowed to go to back to their old homes, the ? fields and rubber ?. Although the Jenderam ? were detained during ? time of the late Sir Henry Gurney, Utusan is ? that General Templer ? review their case in the ? of the present improved emergency situation.” (Singapore Standard, 8 April 1953, Page 6: |"Review of Views").

“Description : THE UNAPPROVED CLAIM DATED 24TH AUGUST 1953 FROM HAJI TAHIR BIN HAMID WHO LOST HIS TITLES AND HIS HOUSEHOLD GOODS IN JENDRAM OPERATION WHERE HE WAS BROUGHT TO KAJANG WITH HIS CHILDREN IN THE OPERATION, DID NOT HAVE TIME TO TAKE HIS PROPERTY AND HOUSE CHATTELS AND THUS, ASKING FOR A CLAIM FOR COMPENSATION.” (Arkib Negara 1957/0302367W, 24/08/1952: |"CLAIM FOR COMPENSATION FROM JENDRAM MALAY DETAINEES).

“S.S.,
I enclose a report by Asst. Penghulu, Kajang. This confirms his claim for ownership of the two houses.
2. No compensation has been considered for houses in Jendram. The question of demolition is being considered by SWEC.
3. The petitioner is not possession or evacuation tickets covering the household goods he claims and I am not therefore in a position to entertain his claim. I have already explained to him the position and I am sure he was satisfied with the verbal explanations given to him.
4. The report and recommendations by the Committee as submitted at (40) has been approved by DWEC at its meeting held on 21. 6. 52. I now submit for the Hon'ble the Mentri Besar's approval.

25/6/52 ?
District Officer,
Ulu Langat.”

“M.B.,
(40) Submitted.
2. The District Officer asks for your approval to play the claimants for the goods taken away from them at the rate shown in annexures J.K. & L. The total number of goods claimed is more than the amount actually received at the store. In order that all the claimants should receive something for their goods, the District Officer and his Sub-Committee have worked out a system of distributing the money as in annexures J.K. & L.
3. I think it is a good suggestion unless the Government wants to pay compensation for the goods lost in transit. Do you approve?

?
2/7/52.”

”….. State Sec,
I regret I cannot possibly submit the recommendations for compensation as they now stand to SWEC. I am also unable to be sure which items relate to sum totals and which to merely individual totals.
2. Some of the items such as 'nails, hair oil, sweets' etc. could surely be classified under a miscellaneous heading.
3. The DWEC should be asked to put up its recommendations under major leads e.g.
Compensation for housing materials
” ” household effects
” ” foodstuffs
” ” livestock
” “ fruit trees etc.
” “ miscellaneous.
4. SWEC is not empowered to pay compensation but merely to recommend payment to the Federal Govt.

11/7/52
?
Executive Officer,
Selangor War Executive Commitee.”

“S.S.
With reference to the S.E.O's minute of 11.7.52 I have to state that with the exception of annexures 'A' & 'B' relating to bicycles and sewing machines, the sum totals realised from the sale of goods shown at annexures 'C' to 'I' are in my opinion quite clearly given in the appropriate column. It should be understood that there were items not received in the store but are listed in the annexures for the purpose of compensation. This is in line with the Committee's policy of paying compensation, however small it might be, to all claimants producing Repatriation Tickets irrespective of whether their goods reached the store or not.
2. The annexures 'J' 'K' & 'L' merely show the rates at which compensations are to be paid and the total amounts required under the various classification of items.
3. Bicycles and sewing machines are yet to be sold. Enclosure (43) herein is relevant.
4. I maintain that the classification of the goods as shown in Annexures 'A' to 'I' are sufficient for this purpose. The O.S.P.C.South Selangor and Major Clementi-Smith O.C. of the local Suffolks Regiment have been consulted and they agreed that this would be the best solution. This was also discussed at DWEC meeting and the recommendation was unanimously accepted. Many months of laborious work have already been devoted to this and the suggestion to reclassify them would create further delay in the payment of compensation. The Malay Press have been severe in their attacks on the Government on the Jendram evacuation generally and I do not think we would like to read any more about them. Questions have also been asked in Council.
5. I have seen the S.E.O. He was under the impression that funds were required for payment of compensations.

Kajang, 5-9-52.
?
DISTRICT OFFICER,
ULU LANGAT.”

“State Sec
At the SWEC meeting held on 11 Oct 52 it was agreed that the D.O. Ulu Lgt should arrange to auction balance of goods in his keeping and pay out funds collected from this auction and previous sales on a basis proportionate to the quantity of the various goods originally surrendered by each detainee.
?
Executive Officer,
Selangor War Executive Committee.
11/10/52”

“D.O. U Lgt
Please seeo E.O. S.W.E.C.'s minute above. I don't think you need further approval from ? since he is already a member of S.W.E.C. also ? see his minute of 7/7/52 on Shet.
?
15/x/52”

“S.S.
Noted.
18/10/52 ?
District Officer,
Ulu Langat.”

“Whose work is this? ? put this disgraceful file out of action for 10 months.
?
Ag. B.A. Sel.
9/3/55.”

(Sumber: Arkib Negara 1957/0304082W, 20/02/1951: |"DISPOSAL OF THE PROPERTY OF DETAINEES FROM JENDERAM").

“Ramai yang kini bertanya kenapa sampai begitu sekali tindakan pemerintahan British Malaya kepada sebuah kampung Melayu di sempadan Selangor - N.Sembilan ini?Suratkhabar The Guardian di England pun semasa itu mempersoalkan tindakan ini pemerintah British Malaya ini yang mereka samakan seperti tindakan ala Fasis. Pada admin ini adalah tindakan bersifat propaganda British untuk menakut - nakutkan orang Melayu dalam kempen Darurat dan penduduk kampung Jenderamlah yang telah dijadikan kambing hitam walaupun memang benar ada sebahagian mereka terlibat dalam gerakan kiri perjuangan kemerdekaan dan segelintir mereka terlibat dengan pergerakan Komunis Malaya.

Malah media - media pro - British semasa itu secara konsisten melabelkan kampung ini dengan gelaran yang buruk - buruk seperti 'kampung hantu' dan 'kampung pengganas' dan sebagainya untuk mengaibkan imej dan serangan psikologi sebagai 'amaran' kesan buruk jika penduduk kampung Melayu yang cuba menentang dan degil kepada Kerajaan British.

Persoalannya…kenapa tak dibina sahaja sebuah Kampung Baru seperti mana Kampung Baru Cina untuk penduduk Cina untuk mereka di Dengkil atau di Bangi misalannya. Malah harta - harta peninggalan penduduk kampung Jenderam telah dirampas dan dilelong di Pekan Kajang. Pekan dan rumah penduduk kampung dibakar dan dimusnahkan. Sawah dan ladang mereka lebih daripada 1,000 ekar terpaksa ditinggalkan begitu sahaja. Dalam rekod, R.A.F terpaksa menafikan kepada media tentang cadangan memusnahkan kampung tersebut dengan serangan udara…gila!

Dan kenapa UMNO Selangor dan Johor sejak awal lagi daripada arahan pemindahan telah memohon kepada British untuk memantau dan memberi bantuan dalam proses pemindahan penduduk Jenderam sejak hari pertama, di kem tahanan Kluang sampailah sebelum Malaya merdeka pun Tunku Abd.Rahman berjanji apabila merdeka, penduduk kampung akan pulang semula ke kampung dan kampung mereka akan dibuka semula dan bantuan akan diberi untuk membangunkan semula kampung tersebut. Kalau mereka benar - benar jahat kenapa UMNO terus backup mereka sejak awal…UMNO yang sebagai entiti politik nasional juga sebagai pendesak British memang sedar permainan propaganda pemerintah British ini sejak awal lagi dan sebahagian besar penduduk Jenderam telah menjadi mangsa tindakan berat sebelah dan kejam pada kampung Melayu ini.

Admin merasakan sejarah perjuangan Kiri Melayu di Jenderam harus ditulis dan disusun semula dengan minda bebas merdeka untuk menjelaskan dan meluruskan sejarah perjuangan anak bangsa Selangor ini dalam menuntut kemerdekaan tanahair. Yang pahit biar ditelan pahit yang manis biar di telan manis…supaya kita dapat meraih pelajaran daripadanya. Fz.”

(Sumber: Faizal Zainal @ Facebook Selangor 10, 24 Julai 2020: "Lagi Tentang Jenderam").

BERSAMBUNG: Kampung Jenderam Hulu: Kepulangan dan Pembukaan Semula (1957-1959)